Resources for English

Most of the early additions have been moved here from the ACL NLP/CL Universe.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

• Bibliographies

BOOKS

• Books

COMPREHENSIVE

• CAQDAS Comparison -

• Computational Morphology and Phonology (at Summer Institute for Linguistics)

• Lexicon Acquisition, Development, and Analysis

• Linguistic Data Consortium, University of Pennsylvania

• Linguistics resources list at Princeton University

• Links to Linguistic and Related Information (University of Passau)

• List of resources (at University of Stuttgart)

• List of resources (at University of Toronto)

• Natural Language Corpora and Dictionaries (at CMU)

• Natural Language Interfaces (NLIs) on the Web

• NLP page at MIT

• Statistical natural language processing and corpus-based computational linguistics: An annotated list of resources

• The human languages page

• UCI Machine Learning Repository

• WWW Information on Computational Linguistics and Language Technology

• Yahoo! index on Natural Language Processing

CORPORA

• 1963 Time Magazine corpus

• 2000 NIST Speaker Recognition Evaluation Corpus

• A Syntactically Annotated Corpus of German Newspaper Texts

• A Web Corpus and Topic Signatures for All WordNet 1.6 Nominal Senses (v 1.0)

• Alpino Treebank

• An Empirical Grammar of the English Verb System

• Annotated list of resources on statistical NLP and corpus-based CL

• AOT

• Arabic Newswire Part 1

• Base Textuelle de Moyen Francais

• BNC Online Service

• Bokr Russian Reference Corpus

• BRITISH NATIONAL CORPUS - WORLD EDITION

• Collections of texts and corpora

• Corpus de referencia de la lengua Espanola contemporanea: corpus oral peninsular

• Corpus del Espanol

• Corpus of spoken Bulgarian

• Corpus Resources (Chulalongkorn University, Thailand)

• Cranfield collection

• CREA

• Czech National Corpus

• Danish news corpus

• Edinburgh Associative Thesaurus (EAT)

• EuroWordNet

• Experimental Corpus Query System (University of Stuttgart, Germany)

• Finnish text bank

• HAITIAN CREOLE ELECTRONIC TEXTS

• Hansards Corpus - Searchable

• HCRC Map Task Corpus XML annotations

• Helsinki Corpus of Swahili (HCS)

• ICOPOST

• IMS Corpus Toolbox, Univ. of Stuttgart

• IMS Corpus Workbench (CWB)

• International Corpus of Learner English

• IPI PAN Polish Corpus

• Kiel University's Institute on Phonetics and Speech Procesing

• Lacio Web Corpora

• LANGUAGE LEARNING CENTER - ACADEMIC CORPUS

• list of Japanese transitive - intransitive verb pairs

• List of stop words

• Manuel Barbera: General Corpora and Corpus Linguistics Resources

• Medlars collection

• Miscellaneous Word Lists from Oxford University

• Multilingual Text Tools and Corpora

• Name lists from US census

• Nexing Corpus

• On-line books at CMU

• OPUS -- An Open Source Parallel Corpus

• Oxford Text Archive Corpus of Italian Newspapers

• Polish subcorpus of the International Corpus of Learner English

• Ramon Piero Center for Research

• Reuters Corpus

• Romanian NLP

• Russian Corpora

• Russian Corpora

• Russian Corpus Page

• Russian Corpus Site

• Russian Corpus Site

• Russian Newspaper Corpus

• Russicon Resources

• Sanskrit Library

• Slovak National Corpus

• Slovene-English Parallel Corpus

• Speech in Noisy Environments 1 (SPINE1 CODED) Coded Audio

• Speech in Noisy Environments 2 (SPINE2 CODED) Coded Audio

• Survey of Electronic Corpora (by Jane A. Edwards, file at CMU)

• Survey of English Usage, University College, London

• Switchboard Transcription Project

• TELRI Research Archive of Computational Tools and Resources

• The Childes Corpus - Children's language

• The CORPORA DataCenter (Norway)

• The Moby Corpus

• The Oslo Corpus of Bosnian Texts

• The Sketch Engine

• The Sofie Treebank - A Parallel Treebank of North European Languages

• Treebank tokenization scheme

CORPORA - ENGLISH

• American English SpeechDat-Car

• AMERICAN NATIONAL CORPUS FIRST RELEASE

• BNCweb a web-based interface to the British National Corpus

• Bookmarks for Corpus-based Linguists

• British National Corpus (from Oxford University)

• British National Corpus project page (from UCREL)

• Corpus of Spoken Professional English

• Dialogue Diversity Corpus

• Electronic Text Center -- University of Virginia

• English Intonation in the British Isles -The IViE Corpus

• English stop words (from SMART)

• English Verb Classes And Alternations: A Preliminary Investigation (Index)

• Exploring Words and Phrases from the British National Corpus

• ICAME

• List of English stopwords

• Mapping WordNet Versions 1.6 and 2.0

• Movie Review Data

• Multiword Expression Resources

• Phrases in English

• Restricted English Corpus from Dr. Caroline Lyon for PhD

• Sketch Engine

• Susanne: Annotated American English Corpus

• The BNC Index (for the BNCWorld Edition)

• The Brooklyn-Geneva-Amsterdam-Helsinki Parsed Corpus of Old English

• The Dialogue Diversity Corpus

• The LUCY Corpus - Documentation

• TRAINS Dialogue Corpus

CORPORA - GERMAN

• Bavarian Archive for Speech Signals Corpora

• COSMAS II

• NEGRA Corpus

CORPORA - MULTILINGUAL

• ACQUIS COMMUNAUTAIRE Multilingual Corpus

• CELEX - The Dutch Center for Lexical Information

• Centre for Disease Control - Chinese, French, Japanese, Spanish info on SARS

• COMPARA corpus

• Debian free software community

• EMILLE corpus

• European Parliament Proceedings Parallel Corpus 1996-2003

• EuroWordNet

• French Foreign Ministry's magazine

• GlossaNet

• Haitian Creole corpus -Teknoloji pou lang kreyol

• Hansard French-English parallel corpus

• ICE corpora

• Learner Behaviour on the Internet

• MuchMore Springer Bilingual Corpus

• MULTEXT-East: Multilingual Corpora for Eastern and Central European Languages

• Multilingual Corpora: Available Resources

• MultiSemCor

• Newspapers on the Internet

• OPUS - an open source parallel corpus

• PolyU Language Bank

• Public registry of the Council of the EU

• The Bible as a Resource for Translation Software

• The ECI Multilingual corpus

• UN declaration of human rights in multiple languages

• UNITEX

• Useful links about parallel corpora, by Olivier Kraif

• WaCky Project

• Wortlisten: spoken German, English, French, and Dutch

• Wortlisten: spoken German, English, French, and Dutch

COURSES

• 11-761 Language and Statistics, course at CMU, Spring 1997

• 3rd NASSLLI: North American Summer School in Logic, Language and Information

• ALTSS 2004: Australasian Language Technology Summer School

• Computational Linguistics, James Pustejovsky, Brandeis University

• Computer Speech, Text and Internet Technology

• Course in Corpus Linguistics, Tony McEnery & Andrew Wilson

• CS674: Natural Language Processing (Cornell U., Spring 2000)

• Databases and Corpora for Chinese Linguistic Research

• ESSLLI 2005 - 17th European Summer School in Logic, Language and Information

• Foundations of Computational Linguistics by Roland Hausser

• Human Language Technology (Cornell CS630, Spring 2006)

• Interdisciplinary Workshop on the Identification and Representation of Verb Features and Verb Classes

• Internet Grammar of English

• Multi-Paradigm Programming in Oz for NLP

• NAACL-Supported Two-Week Summer School in Human Language Technologies

• Perl: extending your pos-tagger using regular expressions, Dan Jurafsky

• Probability Theory: The Logic Of Science (by E. T. Jaynes, Washington University, Saint Louis)

• REAL WORLD LINGUISTICS 101

• Russell and Norvig - AI

• Short intensive course: Texts, Discourse and Corpora: Corpora in Linguistics and Related Fields

• Speech and Language Processing, by Daniel Jurafsky and James Martin

• Statistical Natural Language Processing: Models and Methods

• Texas A&M University Linguistics Course Listings

DICTIONARY

• Alternative dictionaries

• Bilingual Dictionary French Arabic

• Cambridge Learner Dictionary

• Canoo.net - German Dictionaries and Grammars

• CMU pronunciation dictionary

• Comlex Syntax (Syntactic Dictionary of English)

• CUVPlus -- Oxford Text Archive

• Deutsch-Spanisch Wˆrterbuch (German-Spanish Dictionary)

• ECHO - Eurodicautom (multilingual technical dictionary)

• English to Estonian

• FreeDict Downloads

• Kirrkirr 4.0 Dictionary Program

• LEO: Deutsche-Englisches Wˆrterbuch (German-English Dictionary)

• Lexical information for German

• Linguistics Glossary (from SIL)

• List of on-line dictionaries (from lai.com)

• Longdo Thai Dictionary

• On-line dictionaries (from Univ. of Hannover)

• Swedish to English

• The NLP Dictionary

• Wordsmyth Children's Dictionary

• YourDictionary

FTP

• Xerox PARC FTP site.

JOURNAL

• Natural Language Engineering

• ACM Transactions on Information Systems

• Cognition, a journal from Elsevier Science

• Computational Linguistics

• ETAI - Electronic Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

• ICAME Journal

• IJECE

• Information Processing and Management

• Information Retrieval (Journal)

• Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research (JAIR)

• Journal of Intelligent Information Systems

• Journal of Logic and Computation

• Journal of Natural Language Engineering

• Journal of the American Society for Information Science

• Knowledge Representation for Natural Language Processing in Implemented Systems

• Machine Learning Journal Special Issue on Natural Language Learning

• Machine Translation

• ONLINE LINGUISTICS JOURNAL

• WEB-SLS: The European Student Journal of Language and Speech

LANGUAGE

• Basic Arabic Processing Tools

• Dunglish

• French Stopword List

• Hebrew Spellchecker

• Le TrÈsor de la Langue Langue d'Oc

• Lexique Morphalou

• Malay Concordance Project

• Names Files of Selected Countries

• REAP Project: Reader-Specific Lexical Practice for Improved Reading Comprehension

• Syllable-Level Conversational English Transcriptions

• The Bank of Swedish - A Linguistic Reference Database of Göteborg University

• The Mariano Silva y Aceves Series

• UniNE stopword list for Portuguese

• United States Geographic Names

• Valencianlanguage.com

MAILING

• HPSG Mailing List

• MT List

• Natural Semantic Metalanguage List

• SIG-IRList Archives

• The CORPORA list

ONLINE

• A Survey of Open Language Archives

• ACL SIGGEN Resources Wiki

• AFGL Parser Generator

• Algorithms for Linguistic Processing

• Artificial Intelligence NV (Ai)

• Author/Institution Self-Archiving

• Chinese Computing

• COPERNIC 2000

• CorpÛgrafo

• Dan Bikel's Parser

• Detecting Text Boundaries

• Educational Research Abstracts

• Emotional Databases

• English Resource Grammar

• English-Chinese Chinese-English Dictionary of Computer Terms

• Freelangonline - many on-line dictionaries + more

• Information Retrieval

• IR resources

• Korean Accented English Pronunciation Simulator

• KwicFinder Web Concordancer and Online Research Tool

• LANGUAGE LINKS

• Lexical FreeNet

• LFG Database: List of Names

• Linguist's Search Engine

• Linguistic Interpretation of a German Corpus

• LINK GRAMMAR PARSER

• LinkGrammar-WN project

• MRC Psycholinguistic Database

• Multext East Resources, Version 3

• MultiWordNet

• Natural Language Processing / Information Retrieval Software Repository

• NLSH: Natural Language Shell

• Omphalos Context-Free Language Learning Competition

• Online Business Letter Corpus KWIC Concordancer

• Parse Evaluation

• Phrases in English and the British National Corpus

• PyGoogle: A Python Interface to the Google API

• Python Programming Tutorial

• Query to Internet Corpora

• Regular Expression Exercises

• Resources for English-Chinese CLIR

• Resources for Text, Speech and Language Processing

• Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST)

• Russian Phonetics on the Web

• Senseval-3 Task: Automatic Labeling of Semantic Roles

• Senseval-3 Task: Word-Sense Disambiguation of WordNet Glosses

• Sentence Alignment and Word Alignment: Projects, Papers, Evaluation, Etc.

• SIG5 OntoWeb

• Simple Search of BNC-World

• Special Interest Group on Computational Semantics

• SUSANNE Analytic Scheme

• Telemakus: Mining and Mapping Research Findings to Promote Knowledge Discovery

• The Cross-Language Evaluation Forum

• The Internet Timelines Project

• The John Bateman and Michael Zock's list of Natural Language Generation Systems

• The Rosetta PrOject

• The XTAG Project

• TransSearch

• TREC Video Retrieval Evaluation Page

• TreeTagger - a language independent part-of-speech tagger

• Using BioMed Central's Open Access Full Text Corpus for Data Mining Research

• VIEW: Variation in English Words and Phrases

• VISL Tagger and Parser

• Web IR & IE

• Web Term Document Frequency Form (Berkeley)

• WEB-CONC

• WEBCORP

• WebExp2 Experimental Software

• Word Frequencies in Written and Spoken English (Based on the British National Corpus)

• WordNet Domains

• Workshop on Web-Based Language Documentation and Description Papers

• World Language Mapping System

PAPERS

• A Domain-Independent Semantic Tagger for the Study of Meaning Associations in English Text

• Automatic Construction of English/Chinese Parallel Corpora

• Berkeley - Technical Reports

• BootCaT: Bootstrapping Corpora and Terms from the Web

• Building an Annotated Japanese-Chinese Parallel Corpus

• DCPSE: Creating a Parsed and Searchable Diachronic Corpus of Present-Day Spoken English

• Electronically available papers (list at Univ. of Stuttgart)

• Linc Lab (U. Penn) technical reports (not on-line)

• Linguistic Knowledge and Word Sense Disambiguation

• Measuring Text Reuse

• Paper on Sentence Boundary Disambiguation

• Papers of the DFKI CL Department

• PhD Theses (Columbia Natural Processing Language Group)

• Proceedings of the Corpus Linguistics 2005 Workshop on Using Corpora for Natural Language Generation

SOFTWARE

• Answerbus -- Automatic Language Detection Software

• BNCweb: A Web-Based Interface to the British National Corpus

• Chinese sentiment dictionary NTUSD

• Collocate

• CSLI LinGO Lab (Stanford)

• FreeLing 1.1

• IR and IE on the web

• JavaRAP

• JWNL (Java WordNet Library)

• MTP Xlex/www

• Natural Language Processing software

• Natural Language Software Registry (at DFKI)

• Roget's Thesaurus as an Electronic Lexical Knowledge Base

• Text Analysis Computing Tools (TACT)

• TextCat

• Unitex

• Versioning Machine 2.0

SOFTWARE - APPLICATIONS

• Bigram Statistics Package

• BNC Indexer

• Brainhat Natural Language Processing

• Chilibot: NLP based miner for gene/protein/keyword relationships

• CLaRK System

• Delphes Technologies International

• DTREG 2.0 decision trees with TreeBoost

• KOREKTOR 2.0 (at the DFKI NLP archive)

• KURA 1.0

• Opus, a commercial biology text mining system

• Project: Pytalk

• Release of RSTTool: RSTTool 2.7

• SOFTISSIMO

• TreeTagger

SOFTWARE - FONTS

• Attavik.net

SOFTWARE - GENERATION

• kfNgram

• KPML

• The HALogen Natural Language Generation system

SOFTWARE - KNREP

• Corpografo 2

• The ConceptNet Project V2.1

SOFTWARE - MISC

• Code from James Allen's "Natural Language Understanding" (code at CMU)

• Code from Michael Covington's "NLP for Prolog Programmers" (code at CMU)

• DTREG decision tree generator

• SICStus - a Prolog environment

SOFTWARE - MORPHOLOGY

• Brill Tagger (Supervised, Trainable)

• Delphes Technologies International, natural language processing.

• FLEMMV31 - Inflectional morphology parser for French

• German Morphology Browser

• Hebrew Morphological Parser

• Korean morphological analyzer and part-of-speech tagger

• MORLEX - A lexical database for French

• Morph-It! version 0.31

• MorphoChallenge

• Sebawai: An Arabic Morphological Analyzer

• Stuttgart Finite State Transducer Tools

SOFTWARE - MT

• Ergane

• IQMT Framework for MT Evaluation

• ISI rewrite decoder

• Resource for professional-quality language translation tools.

SOFTWARE - MULTI

• Natural Language Processing for French

• TIGERSearch - tools for linguistic text exploration

SOFTWARE - MULTILINGUAL

• Dictionaries for International Ispell

• list of systems in multiple languages

• MtRecode - Character conversion program

• MtScript - The Multext multi-lingual text editor

• Multilingual PC software

• Resource for high-quality tools supporting multi-lingual communication

SOFTWARE - PHONOLOGY

• How Many Syllables Does English Have?

• Phono- Sound Change Model Software

SOFTWARE - SEMANTICS

• Intellexer - Natural Language Searching Technologies

• Preposition Project

• SenseClusters

• UCREL Semantic Analysis System

SOFTWARE - SPEECH

• CMU Sphinx Group: Open Source Speech Recognition Engines

• Hidden Markov Model (HMM) Toolbox for Matlab

• NeXTeNS - Dutch Extension for Text to Speech

• Prosogram

• TreeTalk: Memory - Based Grapheme - Phoneme Conversion Demo

• Verbot preview 4.0

SOFTWARE - SYNTAX

• AMALGAM project

• CEPRIL - Portugese Segmenter

• Collective (Chaotic - Emergent) Language

• CPAN Lingua EN Sentence Splitter

• CPAN Lingua HE Sentence Splitter

• CSPAN Sentence Splitter

• GATE, A General Architecture for Text Engineering

• Infogistic - NLProcessor Interactive Demo

• jTokeniser

• OpenCCG

• Saarland University, Computational Linguistics

• Syntactic dependency parser for English

• TreeForm Syntax Tree Drawing Software

• VERTEX - A chart parser for unification grammars (French)

• VISL - Visual Interactive Syntax Learning

SOFTWARE - TOOLS

• Automatic Content Extraction (ACE): Annotation Tools

• a simple grammar of English

• ACOPOST

• Alignment of bilingual corpora performed with EasyAlign

• Alignment Set Toolkit

• alphabetic version of WordNet 2.0

• Apache Lucene

• Arabeyes Project

• Aramedia

• Aranea Question Answering System

• Arbora Tree Delivery Service

• Automatic English Sentence Segmentation

• Automatic Summarization Demos

• Automatic Term Extraction System

• Bancos de dados e Ferramentas de an`alise

• Bayes Net Toolbox for Matlab

• Bayesian Network tools in Java (BNJ)

• BootCaT: Simple Utilities to Bootstrap Corpora and Terms from the Web

• Callisto Annotation Tool

• CCGBank

• CEPRIL aligner

• Chargrams Database from British National Corpus

• CLaRK System

• COALS: Correlated Occurrence Analogue to Lexical Semantics

• Comlex

• Common Lisp Hypermedia Server

• Comprehensive Perl Archive Network

• Computer Aided Summarisation Tool (CAST)

• Concept Search Engine Information Mapping Demo (Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford University)

• Concollate

• Corpus building for minority languages

• Corpus De-News-Morphix Alignment Tool

• CPAN Suffix Tree Module

• Creating a Parsed and Searchable Diachronic Corpus of Present-Day Spoken English

• Dan Bikel's Java WordNet Library

• Data Harmony, Document Management Software

• Demos of dependency database, parser, and other tools

• Dtree - Decision and Regression Tree Induction

• English-Truespel (USA Accent) Text Conversion Tool

• Eric Brill's Part of Speech Tagger

• Finite State Automata Utilities v6

• FlexCRFs: Flexible Conditional Random Fields

• FreeLing 1.2

• FSA6.2xx: Finite State Automata Utilities

• GATE (General Architecture for Text Engineering)

• GenPar Toolkit for Generalized Parsing

• Grammar Writer's Workbench for Lexical Functional Grammar

• Hidden Markov Model Toolkit

• I*Link

• iFind KBSim.com - Knowledge-Based Simulations, Inc.

• Infogistics: NLProcessor Interactive Demo

• ISI's version of the RSTTool

• JavaBayes - v0.346

• jTokeniser

• JWNL (Java WordNet Library)

• Knorpora 1.0

• KWiCFinder

• Kwicfinder

• Language Identification Tools

• Lemur Toolkit Download

• Lemur Toolkit Website

• Leximancer

• LIBSVM: A Library for Support Vector Machines

• LingPipe

• Lingua-Syllable

• list of POS taggers

• Log-likelihood calculator

• MedPost: A Part-of-Speech Tagger for BioMedical text

• Mike Scott's Web - Wordsmith Tools

• MMAX Annotation Tool

• Moby Database

• Module for splitting text into sentences

• Moss: A System for Detecting Software Plagiarism

• Multitree Viewer (MTV)

• Natlanco

• Natural Language Processing Systems

• NITE XML Toolkit

• NLTK - Natural Language Toolkit

• NMSU Natural Language Processing Tools

• Ontomat Homepage

• Open Mind

• OpenRCT Home

• ORIEL -- Online Research Information Environment for the Life Sciences

• PALinkA: A Resource Annotation Tool

• PC-KIMMO, Englex, PC-PATR, and PC-PARSE

• PDF to Text

• perl concordancer

• Perl interface to WordNet

• Porter Stemming Algorithm

• Project CoRRecT: Reference Corpus for the Recognition of Terms

• Protege Project

• Publically available POS tagger

• Qanda: Open source question answering system

• Query to Chinese Corpora

• Réacc - reaccenting software

• RDUES ACRONYM (Automatic Collocational Retrieval of NYMs) Project

• README for the daemonized version of Collins' Parser

• Research-lab.com

• Robot Karaoke

• RST LaTeX (Reitter IT and Media)

• Rule Engine for the Java Platform

• SATZ--Adaptive Sentence Boundary Detector

• Selectional Preferences Extracted from Semcor for WordNet 1.6 Synsets (v 1.0)

• Software - The chunklink script, by Sabine Buchholz

• Software and Data Sets for Collins Natural Language Parser

• Software for the Extraction of N-ary Textual Associations (SENTA)

• Software Tools for NLP

• Stanford Parser

• START Natural Language Question Answering System

• SVMTool

• SweSum - Automatic Text Summarizer (with PRM)

• Systemic Coder -- a Text Markup Tool (Version 4.5)

• t2p: Text-to-Phoneme Converter Builder

• Ted Pedersen - Tools for Parallel Text

• Telcordia Latent Semantic Indexing Demo Machine

• Text Encoding Initiative --Tools

• The CLAWS tagging service

• The EGYPT Statistical Machine Translation Toolkit

• The IMS Corpus Toolbox Webpage

• The Java Open Source Spell Checker

• The Naming Company

• The PLUG Word Aligner - PWA

• TIMEX2 Taggers

• TnT - Statistical Part-of-Speech Tagger

• Tool for Identifying Duplicates in a Large Document Collection

• Tools developed at Columbia University (FUF, Surge, Crep, Segmenter, Verber, Xtract)

• Torch3

• Turbo Lingo

• Uplug

• VarCon (Variant Conversion Info)

• Virtual Language Centre's Web Concordancer

• Visual Text - reference documentation

• VisualText

• Webglimpse

• Word-Net SenseRelate

• Word-Net Similarity

• Wordfreak

• Wordnet

• WordNet-Similarity PERL Module

• WSD Shell

• XCES: Corpus Encoding Standard for XML

TOOLS

• BootCaT Toolkit: Simple Utilities to Bootstrap Corpora and Terms from the Web

• ChaSen

• Dendrogram Demo

• DiCo Lexical Database OLST

• Edinburgh Associative Thesaurus

• HYPPIA

• Münster Tagging Project

• Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK)

• NooJ

• Robust Accurate Statistical Parsing (RASP)

• Search Tools for Web Sites and Intranets

• SwiRL Semantic Role Labeler

• VIEW (Variation in English Words and Phrases)

UNCATEGORIZED

• dictionarium

• ARIES Natural Language Tools

• Language and Linguistic Science information sources

• The RELATOR language resources server