RTE Knowledge Resources

The table below lists the knowledge resources used by participants in the last RTE challenges. Other important RTE resources have been added in order to encourage people to add information about potential usage.
The table is sortable by Resource name, type, author and number of users.

Resource	Type	Author	Brief description	# Users*	Usage info
WordNet	Lexical	Princeton University	Lexical database of English nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs	23	Users
Verbnet	Lexical	University of Colorado Boulder	On-line lexicon for English verbs organized into classes	3	Users
VerbOcean	Lexical	University of Southern California	Broad-coverage semantic network of verbs	5	Users
FrameNet	Lexical	ICSI (International Computer Science Institute) - Berkley University	On-line lexical resource for English words, based on frame semantics (valences) and supported by corpus evidence	2	Users
NomBank Resources	Lexical	New York University	Lexical Resources containing syntactic frames for nouns, extracted from annotated corpora	2	Users
Nomlex Plus	Lexical	New York University	Dictionary of English nominalizations: it describes the allowed complements for a nominalization and relates the nominal complements to the arguments of the corresponding verb	1	Users
Parc Polarity Lexicon	Lexical	PARC - Palo Alto Research Center	Verbs classification with respect to semantic polarity	1	Users
DIRT Paraphrase Collection	Collections of paraphrases (DIRT output)	Various	Output of the DIRT algorithm	4	Users
PropBank Resources	Lexical	University of Colorado Boulder	Lexical Resources containing syntactic frames for verbs, extracted from annotated corpora	2	Users
TEASE Collection	Syntactic-semantic	Bar Ilan University	Collection of Entailment Rules	0	Users
BADC Acronym and Abbreviation List	Word List	BADC - British Atmospheric Data Centre	Acronym and Abbreviation List	1	Users
Acronym Guide	Word List	Acronym-Guide.com	Acronym and Abbreviation Lists for English, branched in thematic directories	1	Users
Dekang Lin’s Thesaurus	Thesaurus	University of Alberta	Thesaurus automatically constructed using a parsed corpus, based on distributional similarity scores	1	Users
Roget's Thesaurus	Thesaurus	Peter Mark Roget	Roget's Thesaurus is a widely-used English thesaurus, created by Dr. Peter Mark Roget in 1805. The original edition had 15,000 words, and each new edition has been larger. The 1911 US edition (version 1.02) is made available by University of Chicago.	1	Users
Web1T 5-grams	Word list	Google Inc.	Data set containing English word n-grams and their observed frequency counts. The n-gram counts were generated from approximately 1 trillion word tokens of text from publicly accessible Web pages	1	Users
Wikipedia	Encyclopedia		Free encyclopedia. Used for extraction of lexical-semantic rules (from its more structured parts), named entity recognition, geographical information ecc.	3	Users
GNIS - Geographic Names Information System	Word List	USGS - United States Geological Survey	Database containing the Federal and national standard toponyms for USA, associated areas and Antarctica.	1	Users
Geonames	Word List		Database containing eight million geographical names. It is integrating geographical data such as names of places in various languages, elevation, population and others from various sources.	1	Users
Gazetteer from TREC	Gazetteer	NIST - National Institute of Standards and Technology	Cities and other geographical names	1	Users
Geographic Ontology	Gazetter	University of West Florida	Hierarchical data structure that allows the storage of natural and man-made feature data for use in a multitude of both manual and computerized Mapping, Charting & Geodesy systems.	1	Users
Syntactic rule base	Entailment Rules' Collection	Bar-Ilan University	A manually-composed collection of entailment rules which define parse tree transformations. The rules cover generic syntactic phenomena such as appositions, conjunctions, passive, relative clause, etc. (Bar-Haim et al., AAAI-07)	1	Users
Polarity rule base	Entailment Rules' Collection	Bar-Ilan University	A manually-composed collection of entailment rules which detect predicates whose polarity is negative (e.g. didn't dance) or unknown (e.g. plans to dance). The rules capture diverse phenomena that affect polarity, e.g. verbal negation, modal verbs, conditionals, and certain verbs that induce negative or "unknown" polarity context. The latter were taken mainly from VerbNet, and also from the PARC polarity lexicon. It extends a resource described in (Bar-Haim et al., AAAI-07)	1	Users
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[*] The numbers refer to the Users in RTE4 (data extracted both from related proceedings and from RTE Knowledge Resources Questionnaire) and in RTE3 (data extracted only from RTE Knowledge Resources Questionnaire) challenges.