Question Answering (State of the art)
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Answer Sentence Selection
The task of answer sentence selection is designed for the open-domain question answering setting. Given a question and a set of candidate sentences, the task is to choose the correct sentence that contains the exact answer and can sufficiently support the answer choice.
- QA Answer Sentence Selection Dataset: labeled sentences using TREC QA track data, provided by Mengqiu Wang and first used in Wang et al. (2007).
| Algorithm | Reference | MAP | MRR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Punyakanok (2004) | Wang et al. (2007) | 0.419 | 0.494 |
| Cui (2005) | Wang et al. (2007) | 0.427 | 0.526 |
| Wang (2007) | Wang et al. (2007) | 0.603 | 0.685 |
| H&S (2010) | Heilman and Smith (2010) | 0.609 | 0.692 |
| W&M (2010) | Wang and Manning (2010) | 0.595 | 0.695 |
| Yao (2013) | Yao et al. (2013) | 0.631 | 0.748 |
| S&M (2013) | Severyn and Moschitti (2013) | 0.678 | 0.736 |
| Shnarch (2013) - Backward | Shnarch (2013) | 0.686 | 0.754 |
| Yih (2013) - LCLR | Yih et al. (2013) | 0.709 | 0.770 |
| Yu (2014) - TRAIN-ALL bigram+count | Yu et al. (2014) | 0.711 | 0.785 |
| W&N (2015) - Three-Layer BLSTM+BM25 | Wang and Nyberg (2015) | 0.713 | 0.791 |
| Feng (2015) - Architecture-II | Tan et al. (2015) | 0.711 | 0.800 |
| S&M (2015) | Severyn and Moschitti (2015) | 0.746 | 0.808 |
| W&I (2015) | Wang and Ittycheriah (2015) | 0.746 | 0.820 |
| Tan (2015) - QA-LSTM/CNN+attention | Tan et al. (2015) | 0.728 | 0.832 |
References
- Vasin Punyakanok, Dan Roth, and Wen-Tau Yih. 2004. Mapping dependencies trees: An application to question answering. In Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and Mathematics, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.
- Hang Cui, Renxu Sun, Keya Li, Min-Yen Kan, and Tat-Seng Chua. 2005. Question answering passage retrieval using dependency relations. In Proceedings of the 28th ACM-SIGIR International Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, Salvador, Brazil.
- Wang, Mengqiu and Smith, Noah A. and Mitamura, Teruko. 2007. What is the Jeopardy Model? A Quasi-Synchronous Grammar for QA. In EMNLP-CoNLL 2007.
- Heilman, Michael and Smith, Noah A. 2010. Tree Edit Models for Recognizing Textual Entailments, Paraphrases, and Answers to Questions. In NAACL-HLT 2010.
- Wang, Mengqiu and Manning, Christopher. 2010. Probabilistic Tree-Edit Models with Structured Latent Variables for Textual Entailment and Question Answering. In COLING 2010.
- E. Shnarch. 2013. Probabilistic Models for Lexical Inference. Ph.D. thesis, Bar Ilan University.
- Yao, Xuchen and Van Durme, Benjamin and Callison-Burch, Chris and Clark, Peter. 2013. Answer Extraction as Sequence Tagging with Tree Edit Distance. In NAACL-HLT 2013.
- Yih, Wen-tau and Chang, Ming-Wei and Meek, Christopher and Pastusiak, Andrzej. 2013. Question Answering Using Enhanced Lexical Semantic Models. In ACL 2013.
- Severyn, Aliaksei and Moschitti, Alessandro. 2013. Automatic Feature Engineering for Answer Selection and Extraction. In EMNLP 2013.
- Lei Yu, Karl Moritz Hermann, Phil Blunsom, and Stephen Pulman. 2014. Deep Learning for Answer Sentence Selection. In NIPS deep learning workshop.
- Di Wang and Eric Nyberg. 2015. A Long Short-Term Memory Model for Answer Sentence Selection in Question Answering. In ACL 2015.
- Minwei Feng, Bing Xiang, Michael R. Glass, Lidan Wang, Bowen Zhou. 2015. Applying deep learning to answer selection: A study and an open task. In ASRU 2015.
- Aliaksei Severyn and Alessandro Moschitti. 2015. Learning to Rank Short Text Pairs with Convolutional Deep Neural Networks. In SIGIR 2015.
- Zhiguo Wang and Abraham Ittycheriah. 2015. FAQ-based Question Answering via Word Alignment. In eprint arXiv:1507.02628.
- Ming Tan, Cicero dos Santos, Bing Xiang & Bowen Zhou. 2015. LSTM-Based Deep Learning Models for Nonfactoid Answer Selection. In eprint arXiv:1511.04108.